CULTURE AND BENEFITS OF SEA CUCUMBER

picture of sea cucumber

A.Culture of sea cucumbers
1. Site Selection
Selection of the location of Culture, is one of the conditions which determine enough to achieve the success of a sea cucumber Culture. This is due to the location or the maintenance of sea cucumber is a place that directly affect their lives.
Criteria for selection of a suitable location for the Culture of sea cucumbers are as follows:

a. Haven
For the Culture of cucumbers needed a place that is quite sheltered from the wind and shock waves. Condition of bottom waters. Bottom should be sandy, or muddy sand mixed with fragments of corals and many aquatic plants have a kind of seaweed or sea grass.

b. Salinity
With limited ability in setting esmati, sea cucumbers can not withstand the drastic change of salinity (salt content). Suitable salinity is between 30-33 ppt.

c. Depth of water
In the wild sea cucumbers live at depths that vary by size. Young sea cucumbers scattered in tidal areas, after the big move to deep water. Location suitable for the Culture of sea urchins at a water depth of 0.40 to 1.50 m at low tide.

d. Availability of Seeds
Location Culture should not be far away from where the seed of life naturally. The presence of natural seed is a good indicator for the location of sea cucumber Culture;
e. Environmental Conditions
Waters should have to meet water quality standards that are good for marine life such as sea cucumbers
- pH 6.5 to 8.5
- Brightness of 50 cm of sea water

- Levels of dissolved oxygen 4-8 ppm
- Seawater temperature 20-25 ° Celsius
- In addition, the location must be free of contamination such as organic materials, metals, oil and other toxic materials.

2. Method of Culture

The method used to Culture sea cucumber (sea cucumber) is by using the method penculture. Penculture method is an attempt to maintain the type of marine animal that is creeping in a way fence off an area of coastal waters covering an area of the desired capability or so as if isolated from other coastal areas.


The material used is net (super-net) with meshes of 0.5 to 1 inch, or can also with bamboo material (gratings). With this method the location / area will be fenced off from animals avoid predators and vice versa marine animals that can not be kept out of the area that has been fenced off.


Installation of fencing to keep sea cucumbers, either bamboo fences (lattice) super net or nets quite as high as 50 cm to 100 cm from the bottom waters. Broad location is ideal penculture between 500-1000 m2.


a. Source of Sea Cucumber Seed

Cucumber seeds can be obtained in two ways, namely:
• perform the collection of natural and,
• by maintaining the parent-parent sea cucumbers in plots in the area penculture.
Sea cucumbers are used as the parent is an adult or estimated to have been able to reproduce with a size range between 20-25 cm. While the nature of good cucumber seeds to be cultivated by methods penculture is who weighs between 30 to 50 grams per cow or approximately a body length of 5 cm to 7 cm. At an estimated size of the cucumber seeds was more resistant to adaptation to new environments.

b. Transport of seeds / stem

In the case of sea cucumber farming way of transporting seeds / parent is important. The more so if the source of seed / stem that will be cultivated sea cucumbers located relatively far away, so it requires good technique in the transport of sea cucumbers in order to stay alive until the location of Culture. Method of transportation of sea cucumbers in order to provide a high level of life are as follows:
• Sea cucumber inserted in a plastic bag with a medium size 2 liters of water and sand. Previously inflated plastic bag to see the bag leaked or not.
• Density for each type are: for white sea cucumbers and sea urchins grido weighing between 100-200 g is 3 tails for each bag, while for sea cucumber species banter 4 tails for each plastic bag.
c. Benefits Sea Cucumbers

Factor in the maintenance of food (cucumber Culture) is not a problem as well as other marine animals. Sea cucumbers can obtain food from nature, in the form of plankton and sediment remains of corals in the seabed. However, to further accelerate the growth of sea cucumbers could be given additional food in the form of a mixture of bran and manure (chicken manure).
• Way of supplementary feeding are as follows:
• Fine bran and chicken manure mixed average
• The mixture is inserted into a plastic bag
• Then soaked deism sea water until the mixture becomes sticky, then formed into clumps.
• Clots are then spread evenly into the cage.
• After approximately 10 days will appear trepang micro organisms as food.
Supplementary feeding should be done in the afternoon .. It is tailored to the nature of life or the life habits of sea cucumbers. On the afternoon of sea cucumbers are not so active when compared at night, because at the time of day he would immerse himself in the bottom of the sand to rest and to avoid / protect themselves from predators, while at night he will more actively search for food, either the form of plankton and sediment remains of coral that are grounded waters where her life.

d. Density
Sea cucumbers can live clustered in a confined area. Therefore, in the Culture of business can be treated with a high density. For the size of sea cucumber seed at 20-30 grams per head, density ranges between 15-20 individuals per square meter, whereas for the seeds of cucumber for 40-50 grams per head, solid penebarannya ranged from 10-15 chickens per square meter.
The time is right to start the Culture of cucumbers disuatu particular location is 2-3 months after the time of natural spawning in sea cucumbers (if using seed from the wild). Natural seeds aged 2 to 3 months is estimated to have reached the weight of 20-50 grams per head.
e. Harvest
Harvesting the crop can be performed after the size of sea cucumber ranges from 4 to 6 individuals per kg (market size). To get the size of sea cucumbers is usually maintained for 6-7 months, with survival achieved approximately 80% of the total initial stocking. Harvesting is done in the morning during low tide and sea cucumber before sinking. Harvesting can be done in stages by selecting a large sea cucumber or can also be done in total, then be selected according to class size.

B. Benefits of Sea Cucumber

The results of studies in China revealed that the sea cucumber contains saponin glycosides. This component has a structure similar to the active components of ginseng, ganoderma, and tonic herbs known materials. These studies indicate the presence of anti-cancer on the content of saponins and polysaccharides contained in the sea cucumber. In addition, these modern studies to prove that sea urchins can be used as a tonic and nutritional supplements. Sea cucumber is useful for various types of dangerous diseases such as stroke, asthma, coronary heart disease, hepatitis, tumors, etc.
Sea cucumber is useful as a drug because of its content is complex. According to Dr. Pieter A. W Pattinama, from Hospital PGI Cikini Jakarta, sea cucumbers are used to cure various diseases because in a short time was able to grow cells that lost / damaged, rich in nutrients and the most active compound in the form of antioxidants, either to repair the human body cells.

The results of Prof. Dr. Ridzwan Hashim of Malaysia, sea cucumbers contain 86.8% protein, collagen 80%, minerals, mucopolysaccharide, glucasaninoglycans (GAGs), a natural antiseptic, chondritin, omega-3, 6 and 9 as well as amino acids. Sea cucumber protein is easily broken down by enzymes pepsin and beneficial for the regeneration of cells; collagen as a binder in the growth of bone tissue and skin; kondritin sulfas restore joint diseases and rebuild cartilage; omega-3 inhibits the aging process, lowers bad cholesterol LDL and VLDL in the body thereby reducing the risk of heart disease.

Medical research concluded, sea cucumbers can be anti-tumor agent and as medicine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The results of laboratory tests using lymphoid cells shows, sea cucumbers contain a sugar called lectins that are mitogenic and antimicrobial effective against cancer in mice muscle and human lung cancer with doses of 5 and 50 micrograms. Lectins effect of therapy for HIV because it can crumple the bad cells and acts as an indicator of a tumor.
Sea cucumbers have a gas poisonous to fish named holotrin, but only result in irritation to eyes and skin of humans. Because the powerful to kill fish, sea cucumber toxin is now being developed as a natural antiseptic to fight cancer and infections.
There is now circulating sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii extract product that is better known as golden sea cucumbers are processed into products and supplements in the form of jell capsules, shampoos, creams and gels, toothpaste, body creams and massage oils. Looking ahead, the utilization of sea cucumbers will grow.
atau

picture of sea cucumber

A.Culture of sea cucumbers
1. Site Selection
Selection of the location of Culture, is one of the conditions which determine enough to achieve the success of a sea cucumber Culture. This is due to the location or the maintenance of sea cucumber is a place that directly affect their lives.
Criteria for selection of a suitable location for the Culture of sea cucumbers are as follows:

a. Haven
For the Culture of cucumbers needed a place that is quite sheltered from the wind and shock waves. Condition of bottom waters. Bottom should be sandy, or muddy sand mixed with fragments of corals and many aquatic plants have a kind of seaweed or sea grass.

b. Salinity
With limited ability in setting esmati, sea cucumbers can not withstand the drastic change of salinity (salt content). Suitable salinity is between 30-33 ppt.

c. Depth of water
In the wild sea cucumbers live at depths that vary by size. Young sea cucumbers scattered in tidal areas, after the big move to deep water. Location suitable for the Culture of sea urchins at a water depth of 0.40 to 1.50 m at low tide.

d. Availability of Seeds
Location Culture should not be far away from where the seed of life naturally. The presence of natural seed is a good indicator for the location of sea cucumber Culture;
e. Environmental Conditions
Waters should have to meet water quality standards that are good for marine life such as sea cucumbers
- pH 6.5 to 8.5
- Brightness of 50 cm of sea water

- Levels of dissolved oxygen 4-8 ppm
- Seawater temperature 20-25 ° Celsius
- In addition, the location must be free of contamination such as organic materials, metals, oil and other toxic materials.

2. Method of Culture

The method used to Culture sea cucumber (sea cucumber) is by using the method penculture. Penculture method is an attempt to maintain the type of marine animal that is creeping in a way fence off an area of coastal waters covering an area of the desired capability or so as if isolated from other coastal areas.


The material used is net (super-net) with meshes of 0.5 to 1 inch, or can also with bamboo material (gratings). With this method the location / area will be fenced off from animals avoid predators and vice versa marine animals that can not be kept out of the area that has been fenced off.


Installation of fencing to keep sea cucumbers, either bamboo fences (lattice) super net or nets quite as high as 50 cm to 100 cm from the bottom waters. Broad location is ideal penculture between 500-1000 m2.


a. Source of Sea Cucumber Seed

Cucumber seeds can be obtained in two ways, namely:
• perform the collection of natural and,
• by maintaining the parent-parent sea cucumbers in plots in the area penculture.
Sea cucumbers are used as the parent is an adult or estimated to have been able to reproduce with a size range between 20-25 cm. While the nature of good cucumber seeds to be cultivated by methods penculture is who weighs between 30 to 50 grams per cow or approximately a body length of 5 cm to 7 cm. At an estimated size of the cucumber seeds was more resistant to adaptation to new environments.

b. Transport of seeds / stem

In the case of sea cucumber farming way of transporting seeds / parent is important. The more so if the source of seed / stem that will be cultivated sea cucumbers located relatively far away, so it requires good technique in the transport of sea cucumbers in order to stay alive until the location of Culture. Method of transportation of sea cucumbers in order to provide a high level of life are as follows:
• Sea cucumber inserted in a plastic bag with a medium size 2 liters of water and sand. Previously inflated plastic bag to see the bag leaked or not.
• Density for each type are: for white sea cucumbers and sea urchins grido weighing between 100-200 g is 3 tails for each bag, while for sea cucumber species banter 4 tails for each plastic bag.
c. Benefits Sea Cucumbers

Factor in the maintenance of food (cucumber Culture) is not a problem as well as other marine animals. Sea cucumbers can obtain food from nature, in the form of plankton and sediment remains of corals in the seabed. However, to further accelerate the growth of sea cucumbers could be given additional food in the form of a mixture of bran and manure (chicken manure).
• Way of supplementary feeding are as follows:
• Fine bran and chicken manure mixed average
• The mixture is inserted into a plastic bag
• Then soaked deism sea water until the mixture becomes sticky, then formed into clumps.
• Clots are then spread evenly into the cage.
• After approximately 10 days will appear trepang micro organisms as food.
Supplementary feeding should be done in the afternoon .. It is tailored to the nature of life or the life habits of sea cucumbers. On the afternoon of sea cucumbers are not so active when compared at night, because at the time of day he would immerse himself in the bottom of the sand to rest and to avoid / protect themselves from predators, while at night he will more actively search for food, either the form of plankton and sediment remains of coral that are grounded waters where her life.

d. Density
Sea cucumbers can live clustered in a confined area. Therefore, in the Culture of business can be treated with a high density. For the size of sea cucumber seed at 20-30 grams per head, density ranges between 15-20 individuals per square meter, whereas for the seeds of cucumber for 40-50 grams per head, solid penebarannya ranged from 10-15 chickens per square meter.
The time is right to start the Culture of cucumbers disuatu particular location is 2-3 months after the time of natural spawning in sea cucumbers (if using seed from the wild). Natural seeds aged 2 to 3 months is estimated to have reached the weight of 20-50 grams per head.
e. Harvest
Harvesting the crop can be performed after the size of sea cucumber ranges from 4 to 6 individuals per kg (market size). To get the size of sea cucumbers is usually maintained for 6-7 months, with survival achieved approximately 80% of the total initial stocking. Harvesting is done in the morning during low tide and sea cucumber before sinking. Harvesting can be done in stages by selecting a large sea cucumber or can also be done in total, then be selected according to class size.

B. Benefits of Sea Cucumber

The results of studies in China revealed that the sea cucumber contains saponin glycosides. This component has a structure similar to the active components of ginseng, ganoderma, and tonic herbs known materials. These studies indicate the presence of anti-cancer on the content of saponins and polysaccharides contained in the sea cucumber. In addition, these modern studies to prove that sea urchins can be used as a tonic and nutritional supplements. Sea cucumber is useful for various types of dangerous diseases such as stroke, asthma, coronary heart disease, hepatitis, tumors, etc.
Sea cucumber is useful as a drug because of its content is complex. According to Dr. Pieter A. W Pattinama, from Hospital PGI Cikini Jakarta, sea cucumbers are used to cure various diseases because in a short time was able to grow cells that lost / damaged, rich in nutrients and the most active compound in the form of antioxidants, either to repair the human body cells.

The results of Prof. Dr. Ridzwan Hashim of Malaysia, sea cucumbers contain 86.8% protein, collagen 80%, minerals, mucopolysaccharide, glucasaninoglycans (GAGs), a natural antiseptic, chondritin, omega-3, 6 and 9 as well as amino acids. Sea cucumber protein is easily broken down by enzymes pepsin and beneficial for the regeneration of cells; collagen as a binder in the growth of bone tissue and skin; kondritin sulfas restore joint diseases and rebuild cartilage; omega-3 inhibits the aging process, lowers bad cholesterol LDL and VLDL in the body thereby reducing the risk of heart disease.

Medical research concluded, sea cucumbers can be anti-tumor agent and as medicine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The results of laboratory tests using lymphoid cells shows, sea cucumbers contain a sugar called lectins that are mitogenic and antimicrobial effective against cancer in mice muscle and human lung cancer with doses of 5 and 50 micrograms. Lectins effect of therapy for HIV because it can crumple the bad cells and acts as an indicator of a tumor.
Sea cucumbers have a gas poisonous to fish named holotrin, but only result in irritation to eyes and skin of humans. Because the powerful to kill fish, sea cucumber toxin is now being developed as a natural antiseptic to fight cancer and infections.
There is now circulating sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii extract product that is better known as golden sea cucumbers are processed into products and supplements in the form of jell capsules, shampoos, creams and gels, toothpaste, body creams and massage oils. Looking ahead, the utilization of sea cucumbers will grow.